| ???????1 error.cao 20020422 ?????L???? ?h?h?????????????????????????????j????h?a ??????h????????h????h???S?h???l?????h???ú????±??h£??????J?????????'a?????õL???lg????ô???????k??j????L??????????????ô??h'??????????????????ô?????????????'?**?h???????????h???????? ??? ?????g?h--??ô?hõL?S--??µ?h??ûã??ã???û??k??û???Lh????g??? ?h???¸????L?h?????----? h???ô ????????g???????h?? ?h???µ????????????h?zgh????h????????h??g???? ?????h?¹??h??h???? ????L??(???)???????? ?????????j?????????g?h??????????l??k ????????????????????K ô????ôk h??????KL??i????h??? ????ûg??h?????????hK??? ??j??h? ??ôh?ô??? ? """"??l? ?g???g'???g?h?(?)??()??? S??ÿL???j????ô¼¼L?i? '?d'ù?¼ ""L?h?L??????¼??¼????ô?¼j?h? ?????k??? (???????L?????) ??¼???UML"?h"????? UML??h????UML????L??ô?? ???h??h(?)???h()??õ???k(????)??üg??? ?????L??h???h?h????"?"??L??? ?ô? G=(V(G),E(G))?h?V(G)h???V(G)????GK?E(G)V(G)??????????h?E(G)????Gi? j??h??K??????????L??e? ????K??????K?????????e? ????(h?u?)??(?h?u?)h???k() (???K??K?????L???????û??????????K???h?) ?¶?? V(G)?GK?(??)E(G) ?Gi?(???)??£??VE?GK??? GK|V(G)|???GL(???)?p?Gi??|E(G)|hq? ????uv?{u,v}(u,vV(G)?) {u,v}h???(ô??)ù?????????ù????ô????hh?,???h?Lk?h??? hh?(class unit)?h???ÿ????"?"?(h???h)????????K? e=uvE(G),?e(ô?)uvu,v??eK????g£vuuvh? ??h????????Lô???????¼??????? ?????????? uV(G),u??Ng(u)(??¼?N(u)),G????V(G)h??  G?h???? ?h????????g??L?? ?K???"??"?µL???h????g??? ????"???K"??J???L?a? ?K???l???K???????UML?'õ?????ã????????L? ?K??????gUML??UML???????ô??L?S???????û??i?????'? ???h?L????h?L????g???g?LL? ??g????gL??????g???á ?K?j""??""õ??????L??Dh?V(D),A(D)V(D)h??, V(D)????A(D)V(D)???h???? ????? ??? ?A(D)h?A(D)???? ??£?u,v(u,vDK)uv?e=uvDhuv??e?uv?zuzvuvvuh??? Dh?h??D'D'K??V(D')=V(D)?A(D')={vuuvA(D)}?DL??Dÿhõ?? h?K?????????????g???????????????g???g ????g???????????g??????????g??????g?L ??K G1,G2??G1G2??g?G1G2hV(G1)V(G2)???1-1???V(G1)V(G2)?h1-1??'ö?u,vV(G1),uvE(G1),? (u)(v)E(G2) j?V(G1)V(G2)?i?1-1???G1?G2h??? ???õ??õi???þ????????????g???'õl?h??????????UML???u?????????£UML???h????????h???g? ???ò?????????hg?h???g???????? v?Gh?j?Kvi??vKz??d(v)??????j????h??????????G????G??l??????æ(G)?(G)?  |